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You are here: Home1 / Real Estate Financial Modeling2 / Excel Tips3 / Watch Me Build a 3-Tier Real Estate Equity Waterfall Model (Updated Aug...
Spencer Burton
Real Estate Financial Modeling, Excel Tips, Excel Models, Tutorial, Equity Waterfall, A.CRE 101 - Basic Concepts in Commercial Real Estate, Watch Me Build

Watch Me Build a 3-Tier Real Estate Equity Waterfall Model (Updated Aug 2024)

As I’ve mentioned in other Watch Me Build posts, one way to become a better real estate financial modeling professional, is to watch other professionals model. Thus, the more exposure you can get to other’s methods, the more adept a real estate professional you will become.

This is especially the case with modeling real estate equity waterfalls. While modeling up an apartment deal is generally an intuitive process, modeling partnership cash flows is not. So for this reason, and in response to numerous requests from our readers, I’ve recorded a video of me building an equity waterfall.

Are you an Accelerator Member? You might review the Modeling Partnership-Level Cash Flow course in the core curriculum to expand on what’s taught in this post. Not yet an Accelerator member? Consider joining the real estate financial modeling training program used by top real estate companies and elite universities to train the next generation of CRE professionals.

Real Estate Equity Waterfall Offerings on A.CRE

If you’ve found this post, you’re likely needing help building your own waterfall model. Most likely, you’re either a student working on a school project, a prospective employee needing to bone up your skills for a real estate technical interview, or a professional with a live deal you need help modeling. In addition to watching this video, and following along with the model (see download link below), you might also check out the other real estate equity waterfall resources we have here on A.CRE.

  • Check out my real estate waterfall model with both IRR and Equity multiple hurdles
  • Download Michael’s real estate JV waterfall model with catch-up option
  • Find an adaptation of my waterfall model, but with monthly rather than annual periods
  • Watch me incorporate scenario analysis with a waterfall
  • Learn to partition the IRR to help partners understand what proportion of the yield is derived from appreciation vs income
  • And much more

a discussion of the A.CRE Accelerator real estate financial modeling courses

Setting Up The Watch Me Build Video

This video is not meant to teach you everything you need to know about real estate financial modeling and Excel.  But if you’re like me and enjoy learning new methods for tackling a modeling problem, I think you’ll find a few tricks here you’ll be able to use.

I do my best to vocalize what I’m doing and why I’m doing it as a go from one formula to the next. There’s a slight error in the video during the second hurdle, where I accidentally turned off recording for about 30 seconds. You won’t miss much, as those 30 seconds only included me adding a few labels and linking to a couple of assumptions. But if you have questions, please let me know and I can amend this post with further explanation.

Below I’ve posted the completed model for you to download and recreate yourself if you’d like. The download link includes a zip file containing two workbooks. The first workbook is the fully completed model found in the video. The second is a blank workbook, but with formatting included, to use as you follow along with the video. As always, if you have any questions or comments, please don’t hesitate to reach out.

Other Resources

For those intrigued by the nuances of preferred return versus return of capital discussed in this article, the A.CRE AI Assistant can further enhance your understanding of this and other topics. It is a custom GPT we designed to streamline the navigation of real estate financial modeling and other A.CRE resources. By interacting with the A.CRE AI Assistant, you can dive deeper into related subjects, clarify doubts, or extend your learning without manually searching through extensive documentation.

Beyond our AI Assistant, we cover the nuances of Equity Waterfalls (i.e. Partnership Cash Flow Modeling) extensively in our A.CRE Accelerator Core and Advanced Curriculum. Not a member? Consider joining today!

Download the Template and Completed Files from this Watch Me Build

To make these files accessible to everyone, they are offered on a “Pay What You’re Able” basis with no minimum (enter $0 if you’d like) or maximum (your support helps keep the content coming – similar real estate training exercises sell for $100 – $300+). Just enter a price together with an email address to send the download link to, and then click ‘Continue’. If you have any questions about our “Pay What You’re Able” program or why we offer our models on this basis, please reach out to either Mike or Spencer.

Proceed to Download Page

Frequently Asked Questions about Building a 3-Tier Real Estate Equity Waterfall Model

What is the main focus of this Watch Me Build tutorial?

The tutorial focuses on building a 3-tier real estate equity waterfall model, walking users through the step-by-step process of structuring and calculating partnership cash flows in Excel.

Why is modeling an equity waterfall considered challenging?

Because unlike modeling a property’s income, “modeling partnership cash flows is not [intuitive]” and requires deeper understanding of financial logic, tiered structures, and capital account mechanics.

What resources accompany the video tutorial?

Two downloadable Excel files are provided:

A completed model from the video

A blank but formatted workbook to follow along
These are offered on a “Pay What You’re Able” basis.

What if I want to learn more about partnership-level modeling?

The Modeling Partnership-Level Cash Flow course in the A.CRE Accelerator Core Curriculum is recommended. It goes deeper into waterfalls, preferred returns, return of capital, and catch-up structures.

Is there an error in the tutorial video?

Yes, the video recording cuts out briefly during the second hurdle setup, but only minor labeling and assumption links are missed. Users are encouraged to reach out with questions if needed.

Where can I find variations of this waterfall model?

Several variations are linked in the post:

A model with both IRR and Equity Multiple hurdles

A monthly-period version

A version that includes scenario analysis

A model to partition IRR between appreciation and income

How can I quickly clarify waterfall concepts while modeling?

You can use the A.CRE AI Assistant, a custom GPT trained to help users navigate and understand real estate modeling concepts like preferred return vs return of capital and other nuances.

What was corrected in the v1.1 version of the model?

The Sponsor Contribution row was incorrectly referencing LP contribution for periods 1–5. This formula error was fixed, along with some minor formatting improvements.


Version Notes

v1.1

  • Fixed an error in the ‘Sponsor Contribution’ row where the formula was pulling LP contribution for periods 1-5 rather than Sponsor contribution.
  • Minor formatting improvements

About the Author: Spencer Burton is Co-Founder and CEO of CRE Agents, an AI-powered platform training digital coworkers for commercial real estate. He has 20+ years of CRE experience and has underwritten over $30 billion in real estate across top institutional firms.

Spencer also co-founded Adventures in CRE, served as President at Stablewood, and holds a BS in International Affairs from Florida State University and a Masters in Real Estate Finance from Cornell University.

Contact Spencer
by Spencer Burton
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